Intensifier of high-frequency electric oscillations.



n. w. BROWN. y INTENSIFIEB 0F HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRIC OSCILLATIONSI APPucATo'n FILED ocr. 8. |914.

l @iz @9M a To all whom it may concern DAVID W. BROWN, F NEW YORK, N. Y.

INTENSIFIER 0F HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRIC OSGILLATIONS.

Be it known that' I, DAVID W. BROWN, a

citizen-of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented cer- .tain new and useful Improvements in Intensiers of High-Frequency Electric Oscillations, of which 'the following is a specification.

This invention relates toimprovements in intensifiers of high-frequency electric oscillations.

In such arts as wireless telegraphy, wireless telephony and other arts utilizin they transmission of Hertzian waves throng the ether from generating apparatus at a sending station to detectors at a distant receiving station, hi h-frequency electric oscillations (hereina r sometimes more br'ieiy desi ated oscillations produced at said receiving station through the action of said Hertzien waves, travel along wires forming parts of circuits operatively connected wit aerials at said receiving station, either directly or indirectly. Said wires are in series with sensitive devices -termed detectors,

' which detectors are of great variety, all,

however, being sensitive to high frequency electric oscillations, and said wires constitute the paths by which high frequency electric oscillations reach said detectors. Said detectors are also in local circuits equipped with various indicating instruments, such as telephones, telegraphic instruments and other electrically operatedl instruments adapted to produce or aid in producing various desired l results, as operating telephones,l telegraph instruments, exploding explosive substances, producing electrolytic ycompositions andv depositions, controlling 'the starting, stopping and operation of machinery,y and accomplishing other results which can be effected through the aid of electric currents.

When, however, the distance from the sending to the receiving station is too great,

or when, from any other cause, the oscillations which reach the detector are too feeble to properly affect said detector, the instru-` ments in the local circuits will not be operated, and the desired results will fail of accomplishment.

It is therefore, the purpose of this inveni tion to provide intensifiers of said oscillations, which will so intensify them that cillations otherwise too-feeble to properly- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 7, 1917.

Application led October 8, 1914.` Serial No. 865,619.

affect the detector will, when so intensified, V

or wires, along which Athe oscillations travell to the detector be surrounded by metalenvelops, preferably of brass or copper, which envelops are insulated from said wires, then said oscillations become intensified so that oscillations which, without said intensiiers, would be too feeble to properly affect the detector, will, with said intensifiers, be so intensified as to properly affect said detector. Said envelops, or tubes, also become themselves highly electrically excited when said oscillations travel along said wires, and may7 be connected with other detectors, which may have their local circuits with their own instruments; and thus another advantage of this invention is that it allows two detectors and two local circuits with their different instruments, to be operated through the same oscillations. Moreover, since said `wires are insulated from said envelops, it becomes possible to' properly charge either said wires or -tricallycharge said envelops, Without im-4 properly, alice-ting a detector which is in ser1es 'with said wires, or to electrically charge said wires, without improperly affecting a detector which is in series with said envelops. Such indenendency of the wires andtheenvelops has important applications in the utilization of Hertzian waves, and especially when said intensifiers are used in connection with the method of and ap ratus for increasing the effect ofhigh-E'equency oscillations on detectors, which are set forth in my other application for United Sta-tes patent, filed October 1, 1914, Serial Number 864,393.

In the accompanying drawings said oscillation intensiiers are shown as tubes completely encircling the paths of the oscillations, but it is'not indispensable that said intensifiers be complete envelops around said paths; nor is it neceary that said intensiers have a circular cross section, although theJcirc'ular cross section is to be preferred.

Said intensiers `are also illustrated as surnected with the detector. But as is now well known, the high 'fi-e uency oscillations may pass through a coil o atransformer and the detector ma be located in a circuit wlth the other coil o the transformer and this invention equally covers both arrangements. But in all cases said oscillation intensifier tubes are to be placed as near as practicable to the detectors, and about at the positions indicated in the accompanying drawings, and vsaid tubes are to be as small as practicable to admit said wires and yet be insulated therefrom. For the effect of the said tubes upon the high frequency oscillations depends upon the proximity of the walls of theltubes to the said wires (while nevertheless being insulated from said wires) and upon the location of said tubes asv near as practicableto said detectors. Said intensifers are also shown in said drawings as having straight longitudinal axes, but they may have curved longitudinal axes, the wires being similarly curved; and curved intensifiers may be preferable in cases where it is desired to have conare understood to be connected directly orV Vvinductively with aerials, and said intensifiers might also be arranged on the aerials themselves. v

Referring to said drawingsl (which illus' trate several modifications of my invention 4in a diagrammatic manner to aid the description, vFigure 1 is a bro en longitudinal section of an arrangement of said oscillation intensifiers, wherein the detector is in series with the said paths or wires; Fig. 2

being a cross section on the line 2 -2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a broken lon 'tudinal section of another arrangement o said intensifiers,

, wherein'the detector is in series with said intensifiers. Fig. 4 is a broken longitudinal section of an arrangement of said intensifiers with two detectors, one detector being in series with said wires and the other in series with said intensifiers. Fig. 5 is a broken longitudinal section of an intensifier adapted to be filled with a liquid dielectric, such as a suitable oil. sectional detail of a modification wherein the closure of the filling orifice is provided with an e tensifiers Fig. Sis a diagrammatic detail of an intensifier consisting of a wire coil.

Referring to Fig. 1, A, B represent wires which, lwithin the intensifiers, are'preferably bare or uncovered, and which form paths of oscillations set up by Hertzian waves received from sending stations distant from the receiving station. Said wires A, B are parts of closed or open circuits operativelyeonnected with aerials at the receivin station in any manner, and either direc y or in- Fig. 6 is a brokenf with a detector D by ans1on chamber. F1g. 7 1s a cross seo- `tion s owing one form of support for the inductively; said aerials and other parts of the said circuit not being shown in certain, figures, since they are of any' usual kind and arrangement, and are no part of this G and H are the intensifiers respectively arranged around said wires A and B. Said inten'sifiers G and H are shown as sleeves or ytubes of metal, preferably brass or copper, encircling said wires A and B, but insulated from' them, as by spiders or notched disks l, of insulating material secured at suitable positions within said tubes G, H, and through the centers of'which said Wires A, B pass. Said intensifiers may be supported in any suitable manner, as on standards P, whichl are preferably of electrical non-conducting material, as dried wood, fiber, glass or other non-conducting material. The operation is as follows:l When highfrequency oscillations set up by Hertzian Waves from the sending station travel along said wires'A, B to and from said detector D, said tubes G, H intensif said oscillations so that they will affect said7 detector D more powerfully than they would affect it .if not so intensified' and oscillations too feeble to properly affect said detector of themselves will, when so intensified, properly affect it, and enable instruments in the local circuit 'to be operated. lThus the distances over ofl intensifiers which are in general Similar in construction and arrangement to the intensifiers illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2; but said tubes G and H are now placed in series connectin wires a b; e f indicating wires' of a loca circuit. In

this arrangement the free ends of said wires A B are preferably not connected. together, but separated and tipped with metal balls as indlcated.

Fig. 4 represents diagrammatically an arrangement of intensifers G H similar to the intensifiers illustrated in Fi 1 but with two detectors, D D respective y; detector D being in series with said wires A B and de- `tector D being in series with said intensifiers G H. Each said detector may be connected with its own local circuit provided naarmate4 Y y g.

with its own instruments, and thus one train `of oscillations traveling along and thus, {inall as above stated, instruments;`

in the two loca circuits may o erate by onel train of oscillations set up by ertzian waves 4 from the sending station.

The intensifiers yillustrated in Figsi 1, 2,

3 and 4 contain air, but it may be desirable to ill them with another dielectric, as a i suitable oil, and Fig. 5 illustrates an intensi-v vide for expansion of fier G adapted to be so filled Saidintensifier G is rovided with removable caps-G,

Gra respectively, having centers m of'insulat- A" small diameter encircling said circuit wires ing material `through which saidwires and B pass with liquid-ti ht tgsaid caps G2, (irs havin liquid-tight t on said intensifier G. A filing orifice g, with suitable closure, may be l rovided, and it is also desirable to provi ea small expansion chamber as N, communicating with the interior o said intensiierG and extending to a level above the top of said filling orifice g, to prothe oil with which heated. Ass own in Fig. 6, the closure gf f of` said filling orifice may be formed with an expansion c amber, and the necessit yof a separate expansion viated. l

My' said intensifiers have been illustrated in the said accompanying drawings, and

chamber may e obhereinbefore described, as consisting of continuousV metal tubes, but said intensiiiers may be constructed of coils of insulated wire G, and the ends ofthe-wires maybe connected together so that said intensifiers will then be in their own closed circuits.

Said .intensifiers may be employed with various arrangements o f detectors and wires, and several such have been illustrated and described herein and also in my said other application, Serial No. 864,398. It is vhowever to be understood that the invention is not limited to such arrangements but covers all arrangements of the intensiers with de- .i

tectors.

4Now having described my improvements, I claim as my invention: i

' 1. The combination in apparatus for re-Iv ceiving high frequency electric oscillations of an aerial, wires operativelyelectrically connected with said. aerial, a detector in operative connection with said wires, and oscillation intensiiiers consisting of metal envelops substantially encircling said wires at `the part thereof as near as practicable to said detector but insulated from said wires.

2. The combination in apparatus for receiving high frequency electric oscillations of an aerial, wires of a circuit electrically operatively connected with said aerial, a detector in said circuit, and oscillation intensifiers consistin of metal envelops of at positions as near asA practicable to said.

detector but insulated from said wires and disconnected from earth.

Ico.

oscillations in 'series with said detector, os-

cillation intensiiers consisting of metal tubes encircling said therefrom, and a detector in series with said ,oscillation intensifiers.

4. The combination of .a detector, wires formin paths `for high-frequency electric oscillations in-serie's'with said detector, a local circuit for said detector-adapted to intor.

Signed at.New York cit New York and State of ew, York, this 6th 'day of October, A. D. i914.

Diivin w.-BRoWN.

Witnesses: l t

HENRY V. BROWN, WALTER N, HARRIS.

, in the county ofy wires but insulated clude the usual instruments,'oscillation in-4 

